2º A BILINGÜE: CLASE DEL 2 DE JUNIO DE 2020
Good morning everybody!
Yesterday, we read about how the Catholic Monarchs' reign was. Today, we are going to advance in time and start to study about the reign of Carlos I.
THE REIGN OF CARLOS I
The Catholic Monarchs had five children: Isabel, Juan, Juana, Catalina y María. Only one of them could govern in Spain: Juana, due to her siblings were dead or because they were in other countries married to other monarchs. However, Juana started to present some symptoms of madness, so that her older son, Carlos, was called to reign in Spain in the year 1516 (when Fernando el Católico dead).
Carlos I was born in Ghent (Belgium) in 1500. He raised up in Belgium and learnt their traditions, culture and language. This was the principal reason for his unknowledge of Spanish traditions or customs when he arrived in 1516 to being their King.
In 1519, he was elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire with the name of Carlos V, until the year 1556. That year, he decided to renounce the imperial crown and part of the Habsburg territories, which passed to his brother Fernando meanwhile his son, Felipe II, inherited Spain and all its possessions.
- Domestic policy.
Carlos I governed many kingdoms: the Crowns of Castilla and Aragón, Navarra, the Canary Islands, some cities in North Africa, the recently discovered lands in America and other land in Europe.
He ended the Germania Revolt (1519 - 1523). It was a rebellion against the nobility by armed brotherhoods created by guilds in Valencia and Mallorca who were worried about being attacked again by Muslims. You can see a picture below:
Also, he repressed the rebelion of the comuneros (1520 - 1521). It was a conflict in some cities of Castilla provoked by members of the bourgeoisie, who would not accept the king's foreign advisers or the rise in taxes, specially in livestock. The comuneros were defeated by the royal army in the Battle of Villalar (Valladolid) the 23rd of april in 1521 and their leaders were executed. This is because of that, that we celebrate our community party this day.
- Foreign policity.
From his paternal grandparents, the Habsburgs, Carlos I inherited the Netherlands, the Frank County and some territories in central Europe.
He defeated France in a war for the control of the Italian territories. He also fought against the Turkish Empire, which was trying to control the North of Africa and the Mediterranean Sea.
Finally, due to the expansion of protestantism, he fought against the German princes of the Holy Roman Empire, who rejected his imperial authority and supported Protestantism. He defeated them at the Battle of Mühlberg (Germany) in 1547, being the defense of Catholicism. At the end, he had to sign the Peace of Augsburg, which gave the German princes the right to choose their religion and impose it on their subjects.
If you have more curiosity about this historical character, TVE made Carlos, Rey Emperador, a serie which told us everything related to his life: