2º A BILINGÜE: CLASE DEL 24 DE MARZO DE 2020

Hello everybody!!

Today we are going to start a new unit. It is the Unit 7: Cities in medieval Europe. 

We are going to learn different concepts that we have already studied in our subjetc, such as: 

1. The economic transformation that took place in Europe from the 11th century onwards. 

2. What the Cortes were (something that we have seen in the Christian kingdoms).

3. How the Christian cities were like.

4. And concepts like guilds, fairs or bourgeoise. 

First of all, you should take a look to our key words in the power point and, after that, read page 124 of your textbook. 

Please, listen to them and repeat the words. After that, copy them on your notebook. 

The first part that we have to talk about is economic and political transformations. Today, we are going to learn only the economic transformations, because they can be for us some kind of introduction to this unit.        

There were some technological innovations during the 11th century that made working the arable lands too much easier. Some of them were: 

1. Three-year crop rotation: people discovered that could obtain better crops dividing lands in three parts instead of two. This system consisted of grew winter cereals (wheat and rye) in one part; in the second land, they grew spring cereals; and, finally, the last part was left fallow (it could rest and being more productive the next year. 

2. The use of iron-wheeled mouldbouard plough. In the past, it was common the use of the roman plough, but this was useless in comparison to this new innovation. The iron-wheeled mouldbouard plough or norman plough could enter deeper in the earth, so that could prepare the aerth better for sowing. 

3. The use of a new type of harness. This was because the oxen was replaced by the horse (that was cheaper to mantain and quicker than oxens).